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Evelyn Kirkwood is Director of St. Joseph County Parks in Indiana. She hosts Outdoor Elements on WNIT Public Television, which airs Sundays at 9:30 am and Tuesdays at 5:30 pm.

See other articles by this author.

"I found a baby rabbit. How do I take care of it?"

"There is a baby bird on the ground. What should I feed it?"

Timid young rabbits, waddling raccoons and flightless birds tug at our parental instincts. But in most cases "found" animals don't need rescuing at all.

Finding a fawn

A few years ago, a man walked into the park offices at St. Patrick's County Park in South Bend. He held a small fawn in his arms. "I was walking through the field and I found this baby that has been abandoned by its mother," he said with angst.

It was hard to disguise our concern. The hiker thought he was doing the right thing, but in fact, he caused much more harm.

Most wild animals do not tend to their newborns throughout the day. Fawns are left by their mother in a quiet place to sleep. Only at dusk, when she is sure she is not being watched does she to nurse the camouflaged baby.

Since this fawn was carted away from its resting place, we tried to find where the hiker found it. Fawns have no scent, so they are less likely to attract predators. But that makes it difficult for a doe to find her fawn if it is not where she left it.

The lesson is, if you stumble upon a spotted fawn, let it be. And that goes for most wild youngsters as well.

Rabbits mature quickly

One spring I took a phone call from a teacher who "rescued" three baby rabbits and was trying to raise them in the classroom. One had already died. My heart fell as I listened to her story. "Yes, the rabbits each had a tiny white spot on its head, and their eyes had just opened," she said.

Like deer, mother rabbits leave their kits huddled in their "form" or grassy nest during the day and return under the cover of darkness to nurse them. Rabbits with a white spot on their head are most likely still being nursed, and should not be moved. A rabbit whose eyes are open, capable of perking its ears, is already on its own and does need to be rescued.


Another hard lesson for humans is that wild animal parents do not tend to their young for long. Cottontails are on their own at three weeks of age; by then their mother often has already mated again.

Return fallen birds to their nest

By time young birds are old enough to stretch their wings in pre-flight practice, the adult birds are busy hunting insects most of the day. It is a myth that bird parents will desert their young if you touch them. Put fallen, featherless birds back in their nest if you locate it. If the nest has fallen, wedge a colander of sieve in the tree, put in the nest parts and the baby birds.

When young feathered birds fledge out of their nest they are followed and fed by one or both parents for several days. This must be a frantic time for avian families. Think of a mom trying to find three toddlers who have wandered off in a grocery store. Don't "kidnap" the fledglings; they may not fly well, but rest assured the parents are nearby.

Find a licensed rehabber

In the wild, about 75 percent of all animals do not survive their first year. Studies show a young creature's chances of survival diminish even further if it falls into the hands of a well-meaning, untrained human caretaker.

For a human surrogate parent, raising wild animals is difficult and risky. The young have specific nutritional needs and rigid feeding schedules. Many harbor transmittable diseases. Not only is it difficult, in most cases it's illegal. State or federal permits are required to possess wild animals. Licensed wildlife rehabilitators work closely with area conservation officers and nature centers to handle truly orphaned animals whose dens have been destroyed or whose parents and known to be dead.

If you find a young wild animal, keep pets and children away. If you find a truly orphaned animal, phone your nearest park or nature center, for a list of licensed wildlife rehabilitators near you.

ekirkwood@sjcparks.org

Evelyn Kirkwood is Director of St. Joseph County Parks in Indiana. She hosts Outdoor Elements on WNIT Public Television, which airs Sundays at 9:30 am and Tuesdays at 5:30 pm.

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